Parfum Lavande

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The M4 Sherman, officially Medium Tank, M4, was the most widely used medium tank by the United States and Western Allies in World War II. The M4 Sherman proved to be reliable, relatively cheap to produce, and available in great numbers. It was also the basis of several other armored fighting vehicles including self-propelled artillery, tank destroyers, and armored recovery vehicles. Tens of thousands were distributed through the Lend-Lease program to the British Commonwealth and Soviet Union. The tank was named by the British after the American Civil War General William Tecumseh Sherman. The M4 Sherman evolved from the M3 Medium Tank, which – for speed of development – had its main armament in a side sponson mount. The M4 retained much of the previous mechanical design but moved the main 75 mm gun into a fully traversing central turret. One feature, a one-axis gyrostabilizer, was not precise enough to allow firing when moving but did help keep the gun aimed in roughly the right direction for when the tank stopped to fire. The designers stressed reliability, ease of production and maintenance, durability, standardization of parts and ammunition in a limited number of variants, and moderate size and weight (to facilitate shipping and for compatibility with existing bridging equipment size and weight limit restrictions). These factors, combined with the Sherman's then-superior armor and armament, outclassed German light and medium tanks fielded in 1939–42. The M4 was the most-produced tank in American history, with 49,324 produced (including variants). During World War II, the Sherman spearheaded many offensives by the Allies after 1942. When the M4 tank went into combat in North Africa with the British Army at the Second Battle of El Alamein in late 1942, it increased the advantage of Allied armor over Axis armor and was superior to the lighter German and Italian tank designs. For this reason, the US Army believed that the M4 would be adequate to win the war, and relatively little pressure was initially applied for further tank development. Logistical and transport restrictions, such as limitations imposed by roads, ports, and bridges, also complicated the introduction of a more capable but heavier tank. Tank destroyer battalions using vehicles built on the M4 hull and chassis, but with open-topped turrets and more potent high-velocity guns, also entered widespread use in the Allied armies. Even by 1944, most M4 Shermans kept their dual-purpose 75 mm gun. By then, the M4 was inferior in firepower and armor to increasing numbers of German upgraded medium tanks and heavy tanks but was able to fight on with the help of considerable numerical superiority, greater mechanical reliability, better logistical support, and support from growing numbers of fighter-bombers and artillery pieces. Later in the war, a more effective armor-piercing gun, the 76 mm gun M1, was incorporated into production vehicles. For anti-tank work, the British refitted Shermans with a 76.2 mm Ordnance QF 17-pounder gun (as the Sherman Firefly). Some were fitted with a 105 mm gun to act as infantry support vehicles. The relative ease of production allowed large numbers of the M4 to be manufactured, and significant investment in tank recovery and repair units allowed disabled vehicles to be repaired and returned to service quickly. These factors combined to give the Allies numerical superiority in most battles, and many infantry divisions were provided with M4s and tank destroyers. By 1944, a typical U.S. infantry division had attached for armor support an M4 Sherman battalion, a tank destroyer battalion, or both. After World War II, the Sherman, particularly the many improved and upgraded versions, continued to see combat service in many conflicts around the world, including the U.N forces in the Korean War, with Israel in the Arab–Israeli wars, briefly with South Vietnam in the Vietnam War, and on both sides of the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965.

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Article Title : Lavande
Article Snippet :que la lavande vraie. Son essence de bonne qualité olfactive est plus camphrée que celle de la lavande, elle est très utilisée dans la parfumerie industrielle
Article Title : Lavandula angustifolia
Article Snippet :Lavande officinale, Lavande vraie, Lavande à feuilles étroites Lavandula angustifolia Lavande vraie. Espèce Lavandula angustifolia Mill., 1768 Statut
Article Title : Glossaire de la parfumerie
Article Snippet :toutes les branches de la parfumerie. La lavande est cultivées dans le sud de la France et en Bulgarie. Les fleurs de lavande fraîche donne une huile essentielle
Article Title : Huile essentielle de lavande
Article Snippet :huile essentielle de lavande le liquide concentré et hydrophobe des composés aromatiques (odoriférants) volatils de la lavande vraie (Lavandula angustifolia)
Article Title : Lavande (couleur)
Article Snippet :bleu. L'essence de lavande, utilisé en parfumerie, est incolore et n'est pas utilisée en arts graphiques ; celle extraite de la lavande aspic (lavandula
Article Title : Liste de parfums par notes
Article Snippet :Monde en Parfum. Encens et Lavande de Serge Lutens Passage d'Enfer de L'Artisan Parfumeur Encens Flamboyant, d'Annick Goutal Wazamba, Parfum d'Empire
Article Title : Lavandula latifolia
Article Snippet :latifolia Lavande aspic. Espèce Lavandula latifolia Medik., 1784 Statut de conservation UICN LC  : Préoccupation mineure La Lavande aspic ou Lavande à larges
Article Title : Lavandula stoechas
Article Snippet :Lavande papillon. Espèce Lavandula stoechas L., 1753 Classification phylogénétique La Lavande papillon, Lavande stéchade, Lavande à toupet, Lavande maritime
Article Title : Diptyque (maison de parfum)
Article Snippet :Diptyque est une maison de parfums fondée à Paris en 1961 En 1961, le peintre Desmond Knox-Leet, le designer Yves Coueslant et l'architecte Christiane
Article Title : Liste des plantes à cosmétique et à parfum
Article Snippet :(Laminaria digitata) Lapacho (Tecoma curialis) Laurier sauce (Laurus nobilis) Lavande à feuilles étroites (Lavandula angustifolia) Lavandin Lespedeza (Lespedeza

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