En/wood Species Selection by Mediterranean Interiors

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A wood-decay or xylophagous fungus is any species of fungus that digests moist wood, causing it to rot. Some species of wood-decay fungi attack dead wood, such as brown rot, and some, such as Armillaria (honey fungus), are parasitic and colonize living trees. Excessive moisture above the fibre saturation point in wood is required for fungal colonization and proliferation. In nature, this process causes the breakdown of complex molecules and leads to the return of nutrients to the soil. Wood-decay fungi consume wood in various ways; for example, some attack the carbohydrates in wood, and some others decay lignin. The rate of decay of wooden materials in various climates can be estimated by empirical models. Wood-decay fungi can be classified according to the type of decay that they cause. The best-known types are brown rot, soft rot, and white rot. Each produce different enzymes, can degrade different plant materials, and can colonise different environmental niches. Brown rot and soft rot both digest a tree's cellulose and hemicellulose but not its lignin; white rot digests lignin as well. The residual products of decomposition from fungal action have variable pH, solubility and redox potentials. Over time this residue becomes incorporated in the soil and sediment so can have a noticeable effect on the environment of that area. Wood decay fungi are considered key species in the forest ecosystems because the process of decomposing dead wood creates new habitats for other species, helps in the nutrient recycling, participate in the energy transportation and transformation and provides food to other species. They are also used as indicator species for conservation projects. Wood decay fungi are dependent on wood. Due to forestry, cutting trees and removal of decaying wood, many species are classified as threatened.

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Article Title : Wood-decay fungus
Article Snippet :A wood-decay or xylophagous fungus is any species of fungus that digests moist wood, causing it to rot. Some species of wood-decay fungi attack dead wood
Article Title : Wood frog
Article Snippet :Lithobates sylvaticus or Rana sylvatica, commonly known as the wood frog, is a frog species that has a broad distribution over North America, extending from
Article Title : Eastern wood pewee
Article Snippet :twelfth edition, he added 240 species that had been previously described by Brisson. One of these was the eastern wood pewee. Linnaeus included a brief
Article Title : Wood thrush
Article Snippet :The wood thrush (Hylocichla mustelina) is a North American passerine bird in the family Turdidae and is the only species placed in the genus Hylocichla
Article Title : Elm
Article Snippet :also made partly of elm. The density of elm wood varies between species, but averages around 560 kg/m3. Elm wood is also resistant to decay when permanently
Article Title : Western wood pewee
Article Snippet :very similar in appearance to the eastern wood pewee; the two birds were formerly considered to be one species. The call of C. sordidulus is a loud buzzy
Article Title : Woodpecker
Article Snippet :and parks. In general, forest-dwelling species need rotting or dead wood on which to forage. Several species are adapted to spending a portion of their
Article Title : Gmelina arborea
Article Snippet :arborea Roxb". The Plant List. Retrieved 6 March 2020. "A tree species reference and selection guide". Archived from the original on 2011-09-30. Retrieved
Article Title : Homo
Article Snippet :only extant species of Homo. John Edward Gray (1825) was an early advocate of classifying taxa by designating tribes and families. Wood and Richmond
Article Title : Pecan
Article Snippet :Red List of Threatened Species 2018: e.T62019622A62019624". IUCN. 2018-06-21. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2018-2.rlts.t62019622a62019624.en. S2CID 242081909. "Carya

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